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2017年8月，中华医学会受国家卫生健康委员会基层卫生司委托开始组织编制《基层医疗卫生机构常见疾病诊疗指南》，具体编写工作由中华医学会杂志社、中华医学会全科医学分会联合各专科分会共同协作完成。基层指南既充分考虑适宜对象的需要，同时要求具备科学性和同质性，强调精炼、实用和可操作性，涵盖诊疗、防治管理，且每个指南均包括2个版本，在传统完整版基础上，同时推出实践版。

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Immunotherapy and radiotherapy: An effective combination in cancer treatment

This thematic collection focuses on "Recent Advances and Challenges in Lung Cancer Research", systematically presenting cutting-edge research in global burden of disease, molecular classification, immunotherapy, targeted approaches, and emerging mechanisms such as ferroptosis. It also addresses critical clinical issues including treatment-related interstitial lung disease and the microenvironment of liver metastases. The collection aims to provide multidisciplinary insights to support lung cancer research and advance the translation of precision medicine strategies.

Aging, a universal biological process, intersects with human health across physiological systems, driving the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. This virtual issue brings together cutting-edge research that deciphers the molecular and cellular underpinnings of this interplay, offering insights into both fundamental mechanisms and translational potential.​Articles herein explore how immune aging reshapes susceptibility to infectious diseases, and dissect the paradoxical roles of senescence in liver pathology and renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. They unravel how the aryl hydrocarbon receptor mediates environmental influences on aging trajectories in elderly asthmatics, and probe the mechanistic links between aging and perioperative cerebral homeostasis.​Further contributions dissect the cellular and molecular hallmarks of hematopoietic aging, map the connections between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome and vascular aging, and evaluate the transformative promise of stem cell-based anti-aging strategies. Collectively, these studies illuminate aging as a systemic regulator of health, bridging bench and bedside to inform novel therapeutic approaches.

The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy (ICI + Chemo) shows promise in treatment of recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RM-NPC), but some patients received limited benefit and the prognostic factors of the treatments remain unclear. Furthermore, ICIs efficacy in subsequent treatments needs further evaluation.