Volume 86  ·   Issue 29  ·  2006

Objective to investigate the effect of plasma-induced nano-biomimetic modification on the surface of small intestinal submucosal tissue membrane (SIS) on its hemocompatibility. Methods the surface nano-biomimetic modification of SIS membrane was initiated by plasma technique, and the surface nano-morphology after SIS modification was detected by scanning electron microscope, and the surface contact angle and in vitro coagulation time were detected, as well as the long-term patency of SIS lumen after nano-modification and histological examination to evaluate the hemocompatibility of SIS membrane. Results the surface of modified SIS membrane showed "island-like" and "groove-like" nano-biomimetic morphology, the water contact angle was decreased, the hydrophilicity was enhanced, the surface free energy was increased, the prothrombin time PT, partial thromboplastin time APTT and thrombin time TT were significantly prolonged, and the SIS small-diameter vascular stent remained patent at 6 weeks. Histological examination showed that the inner wall of the lumen was completely covered by endothelium. Conclusion the surface of SIS membrane was modified by plasma nano-biomimetic modification, which has good and durable anticoagulation property and good hemocompatibility.

Methods Human neural precursor cell line hNPC-TERT was cultured, and the expression of dopamine D2 receptor in vivo and in vitro was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunofluorescence staining and radioligand binding assay. After transplantation into normal spinal cord of rabbits, D2 receptor antagonist 11C-raclopride was used as tracer. Positron emission computed tomography (PET) imaging was used to trace hNPC-TERT in living and isolated spinal cords of rabbits. Hela cells were transplanted into spinal cord as control group.Results hNPCTERT expressed D2 receptor in vitro culture and on the second day of intraspinal cord transplantation.After intravenous injection of 11C-raclopride, PET imaging showed that radioactivity accumulated at the transplanted site of HNPC-TERT in living spinal cord and isolated spinal cord of rabbits.Only background images were observed in the control group.In PET images, the standardized uptake value of HNPC-TERT transplanted site was significantly higher than that of Hela cells transplanted site (P<0.05). The results of PET imaging were further confirmed by radioactivity profile analysis of isolated spinal cord and immunofluorescence staining of spinal cord sections. Conclusion Using 11C-raclopride as tracer, PET imaging can trace human neural precursor cell line HNPC-TERT on the second day of intraspinal cord transplantation.

Objective to investigate the protective effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene transfer on Parkinson's disease (PD) rats. Methods After the striatum of PD rats was infected by VEGF165-carrying adenovirus (Ad-VEGF165), the behavioral changes, the expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), laminin (laminin) and glial fibrogenic acidic protein (GFAP), and the contents of dopamine (DA) and metabolites in the striatum were detected by observing the rotation behavior, immunohistochemistry and high performance liquid chromatography in PD rats with VEGF165 gene transfer. The behavioral improvement was achieved in the rats with Ad-VEGF165 infection. The ratio of TH positive cells and fiber density in substantia nigra and striatum to contralateral hemisphere (0.42±0.11 and 0.56±0.10) was higher than that in the Ad-Lacz group (0.20±0.10) Conclusion Ad-VEGF gene transfer can protect dopaminergic neurons in PD rats, and the proliferation of blood vessels and glial cells may be involved in the protective mechanism of VEGF on dopaminergic neurons in vivo.

Objective to systematically observe the therapeutic effect of pcDNA-CCOL2A1, a vaccine encoding chicken collagen type Ⅱ (CCOL2A1) gene, on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats.Methods Wistar rats induced by chicken collagen type Ⅱ (CCOL2A1) were used as a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model, namely CIA, to systematically observe the therapeutic effect of pcDNA-CCOL2A1 gene vaccine and pcDNA3.1 empty vector on CIA by one dose of 20 μ g/kg, 200 μ g/kg and 400 μ g/kg. Radiographic and histopathological examination showed that after 200 μ g/kg treatment, the articular cartilage and the underlying trabecular bone structure were close to those of the normal group, and the articular cartilage and the underlying bone structure were protected, which could reduce the inflammation fraction to 50% of that of the control group. Only the synovial membrane of the joint had slight hyperplasia, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the empty carrier group (P<0.05); The 20 μ g/kg and 400 μ g/kg dose groups had no therapeutic effect compared with the empty carrier group (P>0.05). Conclusion pcDNA-CCOL2A1 gene vaccine has a significant therapeutic effect on arthritis in CIA rats.

Objective to purify and identify antibacterial polypeptides from acid-soluble extract of human endometrial mucus, and to explore the antibacterial mechanism of endometrium. Methods The antibacterial activity of acid-soluble extract of human endometrial mucus was analyzed by acidic urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and agarose dispersion method. The corresponding antibacterial bands were cut out for elution electrophoresis, and further separated and purified by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. The amino acid sequence of the purified molecule was deduced according to the N-terminal amino acid sequence and the sequencing results of mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics analysis was performed. Results An antimicrobial peptide HUP-39 with a relative molecular mass of 6777 was purified from the acid-soluble extract of human endometrium. It was identified as the amino acid residue fragment of the N-terminal 33-95 of the α chain of human hemoglobin. The fragment was rich in basic amino acids and contained three complete α-helix transmembrane domains. It had strong antibacterial activity against the ampicillin-resistant strain ML-35p of Escherichia coli, the standard strain ATCC25922 and the clinical isolate 54080. Conclusion The anti-Gram-negative bacteria polypeptide isolated and purified from the acid-soluble extract of human endometrial mucus is the fragment of human hemoglobin α chain. The antibacterial molecules in endometrial mucus are not only derived from epithelial cells and leukocytes, but also from red blood cells.

Objective to observe the effect of perioperative music on the intraoperative sedation of propofol target-controlled infusion in gynecological surgery patients under spinal anesthesia. Methods 110 patients undergoing total hysterectomy under spinal anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups. All patients were given 1 μ g/kg fentanyl and 0.5 mg/kg propofol intravenously 5 minutes before cutaneous incision, and target-controlled infusion was given at the beginning of surgery. The initial target-controlled concentration was 1.2 μ g/ml, and then adjusted according to the gradient of 0.2 μ g/ml every 10 minutes until the sedation score reached OAA/S 3 points. The sedation induction time, intraoperative propofol dosage and sedation satisfaction were recorded. Results (1) The sedation induction time: The music group (12 min±12 min) was significantly shorter than the control group (18 min±12 min) (P<0.01); (2) Target-controlled concentration and dosage of propofol: The MUSIC group (1.6 μ g/ml ± 0.3 μ g/ml, 171 mg ± 98 mg) was significantly lower than the control group (2.4 μ g/ml ± 0.4 μ g/ml, 251 mg ± 92 mg) (all P<0.01); (3) Satisfaction of sedation: The music group (9.7±0.6) was significantly higher than that of the control group (8.1±1.0) (P<0.01). Conclusion Perioperative music has good sedation effect on gynecological surgery patients under spinal anesthesia.

Objective to investigate the method of vitrification and cryopreservation of human oocytes and its clinical value. Methods Human oocytes obtained from the ovulation induction cycle were vitrified and cryopreserved with freezing ring, and after resuscitation, intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer was performed to observe the developmental ability of oocytes to form embryos after resuscitation. Results 235 oocytes were thawed after freezing, 169 (71.9%, 169/235) survived, and 122 (72.2%, 122/169) were fertilized. 11 cases were transplanted, and 2 cases were clinically pregnant. The first case underwent cesarean section at 35+2 weeks of pregnancy on December 15, 2005, and was a twin girl with normal development. The second case was a single pregnancy, now 16 weeks of pregnancy, and the fetus and pregnant women are healthy at present. Conclusion Vitrification of oocytes is an ideal method to preserve female fertility, but its clinical application needs further research and practice.

Objective to evaluate the safety of itraconazole injection in the treatment of invasive fungal infections in the liver. Methods the correlation between the basic liver diseases, changes of liver function and liver damage in 59 inpatients treated with itraconazole injection in Shanghai Huashan Hospital from June 2004 to December 2005 was retrospectively analyzed. Results the invasive pathogenic fungi in 59 patients were mainly Aspergillus, Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida, Penicillium manifei and small anchloroalgae. The infection sites were mainly lung, brain, heart and blood flow, etc. 20 patients showed abnormal liver function during treatment with itraconazole, among which patients with abnormal liver function before treatment were more likely to develop further liver damage (P =0.001). However, the correlation analysis showed that 2 patients with abnormal liver function were probably related to itraconazole, which was mild damage; One case may be related, mild damage; One case may not be related, which is severe injury; Conclusion Itraconazole injection has good liver safety, but for patients with basic liver disease or combined with other liver damaging drugs, it should be actively treated with liver protection and dynamic follow-up of liver function.

Objective to observe the changes of vascular dysfunction, vascular injury, blood flow viscosity and vascular aplasia in animals with steroid-induced osteonecrosis. Methods Chinese white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. Group A: horse serum plus methylprednisolone group; Group B: Methylprednisolone alone group. Plasma endothelin (ET), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and thrombomodulin (TM) were measured in groups A and B before and 3, 7 and 21 days after the last hormone administration, respectively. The animals in group B were sacrificed in batches at 1, 3, 5 and 7 weeks after the first hormone injection to obtain bilateral femoral heads. Routine HE staining and VEGF immunohistochemical staining showed that the changes of serum plus hormone group were stronger than those of hormone alone group; ICAM-1 and TM in serum plus hormone group began to recover at 3 weeks after hormone application, but ET did not recover; The expression of VEGF in both groups showed a gradual recovery after the decrease. Conclusion Anterior necrosis of femoral head is common after the application of hormone, and this condition is recoverable to some extent, but the recovery result may be affected by many factors, so this kind of condition should be observed for a long time.

Great saphenous vein is an important graft vessel bridge in coronary artery bypass surgery, but its long-term patency rate is lower than that of arterial bridge. The 10-year patency rate is only about 60%, and 50% of them are accompanied by graft vessel restenosis of different degrees, so its application is limited.

A 33-year-old female was admitted to hospital on June 25, 2003 due to "swelling and pain of multiple joints for 20 months, rash for 14 months, and holding breath for more than 20 days".

At present, the main diseases in general thoracic surgery are malignant tumors. Because malignant tumor is a systemic disease, surgical treatment as a local treatment has certain limitations. Nevertheless, surgical treatment is still the key to cure chest tumors at present. In addition, some benign diseases also have their own surgical indications. The success of surgical treatment for some end-stage lung diseases (such as COPD) in the past 20 years has further broadened the development space of general thoracic surgery. This article summarizes some advances in general thoracic surgery, especially some hot issues.

orthostatic hypotension (OH) refers to the excessive drop of blood pressure in the upright position, which is a manifestation of abnormal blood pressure regulation caused by many reasons. Neurogenic OH can be caused by multiple system atrophy (MSA), simple autonomic nerve failure (PAF), autonomic neuropathy and other diseases.

mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the only DNA molecule found in human cytoplasm besides nuclear genes. It has the functions of self-replication, transcription and encoding. The defect of mtDNA can lead to insulin secretion disorder [1-7], and thus participate in the development of diabetes. 　　

Brain tissue is very sensitive to ischemia and hypoxia, and even short-term ischemia and hypoxia can cause a series of complex body reactions, which eventually lead to cell death. Cell death is mainly necrosis in the ischemic central area, while apoptosis is mainly in the surrounding penumbra area [1]. Apoptosis can promote the development of cerebral infarction [2, 3]. Reducing apoptosis caused by cerebral ischemia is the current research focus [4, 5]. In the apoptosis mechanism of ischemic neurons, caspase-3 is the core position, and the last implementation of apoptosis is achieved through its activation [6]. Restoring blood supply and taking active brain protection measures within the reperfusion time window can reduce reperfusion injury.

In recent years, the technique of cardiopulmonary resuscitation has been continuously improved, but the recovery of brain function after successful resuscitation is not completely a major obstacle to the recovery of patients. So far, the treatment measures for cerebral resuscitation are still very limited, and there are almost no drugs specifically for early brain protection [1,2]. This study retrospectively analyzed the brain protection treatment of 8 patients who underwent successful cerebral resuscitation after acute cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, and put forward new ideas of clinical treatment of cerebral resuscitation around three key measures, such as early "door closing", electrical stimulation of cerebellar apical nucleus and dopamine supplementation therapy, so as to preliminarily explore new ways of cerebral resuscitation intervention.