2014年 · 第94卷第20期

More than 50% of new and dead liver cancer cases in the world occur in China every year, and my country has the highest incidence of liver malignant tumors and surgical resection rate in the world. More than 40,000 cases of hepatobiliary tumors have been diagnosed in the pathology department of our hospital alone, of which more than 80% are liver malignant tumors, the top two are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, 86%) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC, 8%)^[1]。 After the surgical resection technique has been basically solved in liver surgery, the biological characteristics of liver cancer have become one of the most important factors in clinical improvement of long-term curative effect^[2]。

As an emerging interdisciplinary specialty, health law has strong cross-cutting, professional and practical characteristics. It is an important part of the training system of legal personnel in China, and has been highly valued by the medical and legal education circles in recent years. The cultivation of health legal talents must adhere to the direction of improving students' practical ability to solve medical disputes cases, and the ultimate goal is to obtain applied and compound legal professional talents. However, there are still many unavoidable problems in the current training system of health legal personnel, such as the unclear training goal and orientation, the lack of students' practical ability and the unreasonable curriculum setting and teaching content. Some scholars propose to realize the innovation of training mode of health legal personnel by integrating educational resources^[1]Some scholars have also put forward the countermeasures to improve the health law curriculum in view of the irrationality of the current health law curriculum in medical colleges^[2]。 However, in terms of the difficulty of reform, the innovation of training mode and the reform of curriculum setting can by no means be completed overnight; As far as the effect of reform is concerned, the adjustment of training mode and curriculum setting is difficult to achieve outstanding results in the short term, and it is easily restricted by many uncertain factors. Therefore, we put forward a practical and feasible way of training talents in combination with the "Outstanding Legal Talents Education and Training Program" launched by the Ministry of Education in 2012.

Budd-Chiari syndrome is an obstruction from the hepatic venule to the confluence of the inferior vena cava and the right atrium^[1,2]This definition was proposed by the European Hepatic Vascular Disease Research Group (EN-VIE) in 2003 and consolidated in the 2005 Baveno IV Portal Hypertension Consensus and the 2009 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Hepatic Vascular Diseases developed by the American Society of Hepatology^[3,4]。 Hepatic sinus obstruction syndrome and obstruction of the outer hepatic venous flow channel due to right heart failure and constrictive pericarditis do not fall into the category of Budd-Chiari syndrome^[1,2]。 Its naming is derived from the surnames of British physician George Budd and Austrian pathologist Hans Chiari, who first reported the disease. The epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome are reviewed.

Long-chain non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNAs whose transcripts exceed 200 nucleotides in length. They do not or rarely encode proteins themselves. These lncRNAs are involved in regulating stem cells, maintaining their pluripotency and cell differentiation^[1]。

Autophagy is an active cell extinction that provides new material and energy for the survival of eukaryotic cells by eliminating old material. The selectivity of autophagy is reflected in substrate specificity.