2020年 · 第100卷第48期

The protective effects of coffee consumption on multiple health outcomes have been demonstrated. However, the biological pathways that mediate these associations remain unclear. To assess the association between coffee intake and concentrations of key metabolic and inflammatory plasma biomarkers in common chronic diseases, coffee intake, caffeine intake, and decaffeinated intake were investigated for association with 14 plasma biomarkers, including C-peptide, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), IGF-binding protein (IGFBP) 1, IGFBP-3, estrone, total estradiol, free estradiol, total testosterone, free testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), total adiponectin, high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin, leptin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR-2). The study utilized data from two cohort studies of 15 551 women in the Nurses Health Study and 7 397 men in the Medical Staff Follow-up Study, as well as detailed dietary data provided prior to blood draw, after adjusting for factors such as demographic information, clinical and lifestyle, multiple linear regression was used to calculate percentage differences in biomarker concentrations comparing coffee drinkers and non-drinkers. The results showed that the respondents who drank 4 cups of coffee per day had lower concentrations of C-peptide (8.7%), IGFBP-3 (2.2%), estrone (6.4%), total estradiol (5.7%), free estradiol (8.1%), leptin (6.4%), CRP (16.6%), IL-6 (8.1%), and sTNFR-2 (5.8%) compared to those who did not drink coffee, while the concentrations of SHBG (5.0%), total testosterone (7.3% in women and 5.3% in men), total adiponectin (9.3%), and high molecular adiponectin (17.2%) were higher. The results were largely similar for caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee. The findings suggest that coffee consumption is associated with many plasma biomarkers in metabolic and inflammatory pathways.

A prospective cohort study from the United States reported for the first time the relationship between long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) intake and the risk of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The study involved 80 551 postmenopausal women aged 55 to 79 years and with no history of arthritis, recruited between 1993 and 1998, whose intake of n-3 PUFA was assessed by the project team in relation to the risk of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. A total of 22 306 osteoarthritis and 3 348 rheumatoid arthritis were observed after an average of 8 years of follow-up of study subjects. Cox regression model was used to estimate the relationship between dietary n-3 PUFA intake and osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The results showed that there was no correlation between the intake of n-3 PUFA and the total intake of n-3 PUFA and arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The specific results were as follows: the fourth quintile compared with the lowest quintile, osteoarthritisHR（95%CI) is 1.04 (0.99-1.09); rheumatoid arthritisHR（95%CI) was 1.01 (0.90-1.13). In addition, the study also found that there was no association between n-6 PUFA and osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. This project is the earliest and largest study of the relationship between n-3 PUFA intake and arthritis. The findings suggest that there is currently a lack of sufficient evidence to prove the role of the above nutrients on the risk of arthritis.