Volume 88  ·   Issue 48  ·  2008

The results of national epidemiological survey in 2000 showed that the infection rate of tuberculosis in China was as high as 44.5% [1], and the emergence of MDR-TB, especially severe MDR-TB, made the treatment more difficult, and the overall prospect of prevention and control of tuberculosis in China was not optimistic. Some problems, especially deep-seated or latent problems, need to be paid attention to, such as the surveillance of high-risk populations of tuberculosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical profile of myocardial infarction (MI) due to retrograde aortic dissection of aortic root and the relevant predictors of in-hospital death.Methods The clinical data of 207 consecutive patients with type A aortic dissection (AD), who were hospitalized and underwent operation between December 2003 and October 2007, were analyzed retrospectively.Results Eight of the 207 patients were diagnosed as with MI due to retrograde aortic dissection of aortic root, 6 males and 2 females, aged (49 ± 14).Surgical repair of the aorta and coronary revascularization was implanted:ascending aorta replacement in 2 cases, hemi-arch replacement in 5 cases, arch replacement in 1 case;coronary artery bypass grafting in 5 cases, and coronary repair in 3 cases.In-hospital death occurred in 4 of the 8 patients (50%) who all had preoperative renal insufficiency and developed acute renal failure (ARF) after surgery.Univariate analysis identified preoperative renal insufficiency an independent predictor of in-hospital death (The preoperative serum creatrinine (sCr) level of the surviving patients was (80 ± 30) μmol/L, significantly lower than that of the deceased patients[(176±67)μmol/L, P =0.02].There were no significant differences in other parameters between the surviving and deceased groups.Conclusion MI due to type A AD is associated with high operative mortality.Preoperative renal insufficiency attributes to development of ARF after surgery and the unfavorable outcome.Renal function before surgery is essential for risk stratification in this lethal condition.

Objective To analyze the diagnostic significance of serum total lgE, specific IgE (SIgE), Phadiatop, and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma.Methods The serum total lgE, SIgE,and Phadiatop were tested in 122 patients with allergic rhinitis.The ECP, SIgE,and Phadiatop were tested in 135 patients with bronchial asthma.Forty healthy persons were used as controls.The serum total lgE were tested by electrochemiluminescence.The serum Phadiatop, ECP, and SIgE were tested by fluorescent-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results The serum total IgE positive rate of the 122 allergic rhinitis patients was 37.7%, significantly higher than that of the healthy controls (2.5% ,X2 = 18.13, P < 0.01).The specificity of total IgE of the allergic rhinitis patients were 97.5%.The serum ECP positive rate of the bronchial asthma patients was 65.9%, significantly higher than that of the healthy controls (20.0% ,X2 =26.34, P ＜0.01).The sensitivity and specificity of the bronchial asthma patients were 65.9% and 80.0%.The Phadiatop positive rates of the allergic rhinitis and the bronchial asthma patients were 50.0% and 31.9% respectively, both significantly higher than that of the control (0, X2 =32.08, 16.89, both P ＜0.01).Most kinds of SIgE were from the allergens, such as dust mite, dust, and Artemisia etc.Conclusion Increase of serum ECP level is an important indicator of airway inflammation activity and inflammation serious degree in the bronchial asthma patients.The increase of serum total IgE has an important diagnostic significance in allergic rhinitis.It is important to detect SIgE and Phadiatop in diagnosis and monitoring of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma.

Objective To investigate the expression of guanylyl cyclase-C (GC-C) and caudal type homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2) in human gastric mucosa at different stages and the significance thereof.Methods An Immunofluorescence method was used to detect the expression of GC-C and CDX-2 in 23 specimens of gastric carcinoma and matching noncancerous tissues.Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of GC-C and CDX2 in the gastric carcinoma tissues and matching noncancerous tissues too.Results The GC-C and CDX2 expression rates were 39.1% and 39.1% respectively in the intestinal metaplasia specimens, 55.6% and 55.6% respectively in the dysplasia specimens, and 56.7 % and 60.0% in the gastric carcinoma specimens, all significantly higher than those in the normal mucosa specimens (all P =0.000) without significant differences in the expression of GC-C and CDX-2 among the 3 pathological groups.The GC-C and CDX-2 expression was positively correlated with Lauren classification, The expression levels of GC-C and CDX-2 were significantly higher in the intestinal-type than in the diffuse-type gastric carcinoma (P < 0.05).The GC-C expression was positively correlated with the expression of CDX-2 in intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma.Conclusion Ectopic expression of GC-C and CDX2 in human gastric mucosa may play an important role in the carcinogenesis of intestinal-type gastric carcinoma.Detection of GC-C and CDX2 helps diagnose gastric carcinoma and precursor lesions.

Objective To study the expression of TLR4, myeloid differential protein 2 (MD-2), and nuclear factor (NF)-κB in the colonic mucosa with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in patients and to explore the role of TLR4 in the pathogenesis of IBS and TLR4 signal transduction pathway.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of TLR4, MD-2, and NF-κB in the colon mucosa specimens of 30 patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) and 12 healthy volunteers obtained by eolonoseopy.Results The A value of TLR4 in the IBS specimens was (0.40± 0.10), significantly higher than that of the specimens from the controls[(0.30±0.05), P =0.001].MD-2 expression was not seen in the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) of 10 healthy controls and was lowly expressed in the sigmoid mucosa of 2 of the 12 healthy controls;and was lowly expressed in 4 of the IBS patients and not expressed in 26 of the 30 IBS patients.The mean number of MD-2 positive cells in the IBS patients was 2.26 (0.80-4.73)/view field, significantly higher than that of the healthy controls[0.90 (0.56-1.33) /view field, P = 0.003].The positive rate of NF-κB of the IBS patients was 83.33%, significantly higher than that of the healthy controls (P =0.02) and the NF-κB intensity of the INS patients of the A value was (0.31±0.04),significantly higher than that of the healthy controls[(0.25±0.04), P = 0.003].Conclusion Up-regulation of TLR4 in IBS patients may contribute to occurrence of IBS.There exists the activation of the signal transduction pathway of NF-κB in the colonic mucosa of IBS patients, which suggested that inflammation participates in pathogenesis of IBS.The low and negative expression of MD-2 may contribute to the tolerance with the intestinal eommensal bacteria.

Objective To investigate the viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) mutation frequency in serrated colorectal adenocarcinoma (Sca), and to verify the existence of a new serrated pathway indirectly.Methods 75 paraffin-embedded tissue samples, including 15 cases of Sca, 20 cases of traditional serrated adenoma (TSR), 20 cases of non-serrated adenocarcinoma (NS-ca), and 20 cases of villous adenoma, were reviewed .Nest-PCR was used to amplify the exon 15 fragment of BRAF gene.RFLP assay was used to detect the BRAF V600E mutation.The positive samples were verified by direct sequencing.Results Four of the 11 successfully amplified Sea specimens(4/11,36.4%), and 4 of the 15 TSA samples(4/15, 26.7%) harbored BRAF V600E mutation.However, no BRAF V6OOE mutation was found in the 14 NS-ca samples and the 11 villous adenoma specimens .The BRAF V6OOE mutation frequencies of the villous adenoma group and NS-ca group were significantly lower than those of the TSA group and Sca group (P = 0.0084) ;however, there was no statistical difference in the frequency of BRAF V6OOE mutation between the Sca and TSA groups (P 0.05).Conclusion BRAF V600E mutation frequency is significantly higher in the Sca and TSA patients than in the NS-ca and villous adenoma patients.There is actually a new serrated neoplasia pathway different from the traditional adenoma-carcinoma carcinogenesis pathway.

Objective To identify the risk factors of acute rejection events after living related donor renal transplant.Methods Renal transplantation was performed on 117 patients, 85 males and 32 females, aged 9-57, with the kidneys from 117 donors, 63 males and 54 females, aged(47±6) (20-65).The cumulative incidence of acute rejection events was respectively evaluated by Kaplan-Meier product-limit method and log-rank test.Cox's proportional hazards model was used to determine the risk factors for acute rejection events.Results Follow-up was conducted for 16 (3 -44) months.The acute rejection rotes 2 and 6 weeks after transplantation of the group with the donor aged ≥50 were 13.0% and 19.5% respectively, both significantly higher than those of the group with the donor aged <50 (2.8% and 8.5% respectively, P =0.010).The risk of being female for acute rejection was 2.731 times as that of being male (95% CI:1.018 -7.326 ,P =0.046), and the risk of donor aged ≥50 for acute rejection was 1.054 times as that of the donors aged <50 (95%(CI:1.004 - 1.107,P =0.020).Conclusion The requirement for selecting elder living kidney donor should be stiff.Injury to the kidney should be avoided when the kidney of an eider donor is removed and transplanted.Early administration of sufficient immunosuppressive agents is necessary to the recipients of the kidney from an old or female living donor.

Objective To investigate the effects of targeting elimination of the leukemic CD34 + progenitor cells by using cytotoxic T lymphoeytes (CTLs) specifically against Wilms tumor gene (WT1)-derived peptide.Methods A 9-mer WT1 peptide (CMTWNQMNL) containing HLA-A * 0201-binding anchor motifs was synthesized.The suspended cells were collected from the culture of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and divided into 2 groups:Group D (pure T cells) and Group C (IL2 + T cells).The dendritic cells (DCs) generated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of an HLA-A * 0201-positive healthy donor were repeatedly loaded with WT1 peptide so as to elicit cytotoxie T cells (CTLs) specifically for WT1 peptide, and restricted by HLA-A *0201 (Group A).The specific lysis effects of WTI peplide specific CTLs upon leukemic bone marrow CD34 + progenitor cells positively expressing WT1 (3 being HLA-A * 0201+ and 3 being HLA-A * 0201-), peripheral blood CD34 + cells from healthy persons (2 being HLA-A*0201+ and 1 being HLA-A * 0201-), and leukemia cells of the lines of NB4(HLA-A * 0201+/WT1-), U937(HLA-A * 0201+/WT1-), and K562(HLA-A * 0201-/WT1+) were measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTI') chromatometry assay.The colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM) forming capability of the leukemic bone marrow CD34 + progenitor cells and peripheral blood CD34 + cells from healthy persons treated with WT1 peptide specific CTLs were also determined by methylcellulose medium colony-forming unit assay.The CTLs elicited by DCs without WTi peptide loading (Group B) and T cells cultured with IL-2 (Group C) were taken as controls.Results The CTLs specific for WT1 peptide and restricted by HLA-A * 0201 (Group A) exerted a specific lysis upon the 3 cases with HLA-A * 0201+/WTI+ leukemic bone marrow CD34 + progenitor cells and NB4 leukemia cells, the specific lysis levels were 55.3% ± 2.8%, 67.1% ±3.2%,49.4% ± 3.8% and 55.0% ± 3.7% respectively, all significantly higher than those upon the 3 cases with HLA-A * 0201-/WT1+ leukemic bone marrow CD34 + progenitor cells, normal healthy peripheral blood CD34 + cells of the healthy persons, andleukemia cell of the lines K562 and U937 (the specific lysis levels were all < 20%).The specific lysis level of Group A CTLs was significantly higher than those of Group B and Group C CTLs (both P < 0.01).The relative colony formation rates of WTI-CTLs in Group A upon the 2 cases with HLA-A * 0201+/WT1+ leukemic CD34 + progenitor cells were 17.8%±4.0% and 20.8% ± 3.41% respectively, both significantly lower than those of the none WT1-CTLs in Group B(88.9% ± 3.4% and 91.8% ± 5.7% respectively, both P ＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the relative colony formation rate upon HLA-A * 0201+/WT1- leukemic bone marrow CD34 + progenitor cells and the HLA-A * 0201-/WT1- or HLA-A * 0201+/WT1- normal peripheral blood CD34 + progenitor cells between the CTLs of Groups A and B.Conclusions The CTLs specific for WT1 and restricted by HLA-A * 0201 can exert specific lysis upon leukemic CD34 + progenitor cells highly expressing WT1 gene, and can inhibit the CFU-GM colony formation of such leukemic CD34 + progenitor cells.The product of expression of WT1 gene may be used as a target in the leukemic CD34 + cells.

Objective To investigate the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epithelial growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer, and to explore their correlation with the age of patient, and size, clinic stage, and lymph node metastasis of the tumor.Methods The data of 910 breast cancer, 89.4% of invasive ductal carcinoma, 1.7% of invasive lobular carcinoma, 44 cases 5% of ductal carcinoma in situ, and 4.9% of other pathologic types, 29.9% being less than 2 cm, 45.6% being 2 -5 cm, and 24.5% bigger than 5 cm in size, 54.2% without metastasis in lymph node, 25.5% with metastasis in 1 -3 lymph nodes, and 20.3% with metastasis in more than 3 lymph nodes respectively, were analyzed retrospectively.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of ER, PR, and HER2.Results The ER negative expression rate was 33.0%, and PR negative expression rate was 27.4%, and HER2 overexpression rate was 20.3%.The possibility of lymph node metastasis decreased along with the increase of age (P ＜0.001).Tumor size was negatively correlated with the expression of ER and PR (both P < 0.001), and positively correlated with the expression of HER2 (P < 0.001).There was no significant difference between the situation of lymph node metastasis and the expression of ER, PR and HER2 in primary tumors.Conclusion As good prognostic markers of breast invasive ductal cancer, ER and PR are negatively correlated with the HER2 expression, as a worse prognostic marker.ER/PR positive or HER2 negative tumors are morel likely to be diagnosed at earlier stages.

Objective To investigate the significance of T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-1 (TIM-1) expression in helper T lymphocyte in allergic rhinitis (AR) patients.Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 20 AR patients, 9 males and 11 females, aged 31.4 (20 -54), and 20 healthy persons, 12 males and 8 females, aged 38,6 (18 -60).Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNs) were isolated and magnetic cell sorting technique was used to purify the CD4 + T cells and CD4 + CIM5RA + T cells, lmmunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry were used to detect the percentage of CD4 + CD45RA + T cells positive in TIM-1, a helper T lymphocyte marker.Phytohemagglutiniun (PHA) was added into the culture media to stimulate the T1M-1 positive helper T lymphocytes.Dendritic cells (DCs) thus induced and differentiated were conditioned by standardized allergen from dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and then co-cultured with CD4 T cells.The percentage of TIM-1 positive CD4 + CD45RA + T cells was counted.ELISA was used to detect the IL-4 and interferon (IFN) -γ levels in the supernatants of the culture media of the dust mite and LPS groups.Results The percentage of TIM-1 positive CD4 + T cells of the AR patients was (9.48 ± 1.51) %, significantly higher than that of the healthy controls[(3.12 ± 0.32) %, P < 0.05], and the percentage of TIM-1 positive CD4 + T cells after PHA stimulation of the AR patients was (47.05 ± 4.35) %, significantly higher than that of the healthy controls[(29.92 ± 3.36) %, P < 0.05].The percentage of TIM-1 positive CD4 + CD45RA + T cells of the AR patients was (26.34 ± 4.0)%, significantly higher than that of the healthy controls[(18.4 ± 8.1) %, P < 0.05], and the percentage of TIM-I positive CD4 + CD45 RA + T cells after PHA stimulation of the AR patients was (65.3 ± 7.4) %, significantly higher than that of the healthy controls[(36.3 ± 6.8) %, P < 0.05].The percentage of TIM-1 positive CD4 + CD45RA + T cells co-cultured with the DCs conditioned by dust mite of the AR patients was (10.81 ± 1.48) %, significantly higher than that of the LPS group[(6.08 ± 1.45) %]and the blank control group[(1.56 ± 2.30) %, both P < 0.05].The IL-4 level of the DCs conditioned by dust mite allergen was (74.61 ± 13.82) pg/ml, significantly higher than those of the LPS group and blank control group[(28.57 ± 3.36) and (1.40 ± 0.99) ng/ml respectively, both P < 0.05].The IFN-γ level of the DCs conditioned by dust mite allergen was (25.31±7.23) pg/ml, significantly lower than that of the LP3 group[(163.41 ± 82.37) pg/ml, P < 0.05], however, significantly higher than that of the blank control group[(1.58 ± 0.53) pg/ml, P < 0.05].Conclusion The percentage of TIM-1 positive helper T lymphocytes of the AR patients are abnormally high.After stimulation of allergen The DCs increase the number of TIM-1 expressing naive Th cells and promote them to differentiate into Th2 cells.Promoting naive Th cells to differentiate into Th2 cells, TIM-1 expression induces Th2 cytokine-based immune responses.

Objectives To search for an ideal therapeutic regimen for muhidrug resistant tuberculosis conforming to the situation of China. Methods One hundred and fifty-four patients with rifampin-resistant tuberculosis, 114 multi-drug resistant (MDR-TB) and 40 resistant to other drugs, in Heilongjiang, Zhejiang, and Sbenzhen, 107 males and 47 females, aged 39 (19-77), were randomly divided into 2 groups:85 patients in the group of drug-resistant regimen, 3RFT AM Ofx Pto PAS-INH/SRFT Ofx Pro PAS-INH regimen, including rifapentine (RFT), amikacin (Am), ofloxacin(Ofx), protionamide (Pto), para-aminosalicylic acid-isoniazid (PAS-INH) for 3 months and then RFT, Ofx, Pto, and PAS-INH for 5 months, and 69 in the retreatment regimen group undergoing 3 H3R3Z3E3S3/5 H3R3E3, including isoniazid (H), rifampin (R), pyrazinamide (Z) , ethambutol (E), and streptomycin (S) for 3 months and then H, R, and E for 5 months. Sputum smear was checked and the sputum smear conversion rate was calculated as an effective treatment indicator 3, 6, and 8 months later. Results One hundred and fourteen of the 154 patients were treated for a good 8 months. The sputum smear conversion rate 8 months after treatment of the drug-resistant regimen group was 65.9% (56/85), significantly higher than that of the retreatment regimen group [40.6% (28/69), X2 = 9.834, P = 0.002]. Eighty-five of the 114 MDR-TB patients had been treated for a good 8 months with a sputum smear conversion rate of 61.8% (42/68), significantly higher than that of the retreatment regimen group [39.1% (18/46), X2=5.638,P =0.018]. Sputum smear conversion at the end of the 8th month was related to age, course of disease, therapeutic regimen, and the type of drug-resistance (all P < 0.05). The side-effect rate of the drug-resistant regimen group was 23.9% (17/71), higher than that of the retreatment regimen group [18.6% (8/43)], but not significantly (X2 = 0.446, P = 0.504). Conclusion The drug-resistant regimen recommended above is more effective than the retreatment regimen and should be considered in the areas where the WHO guideline fails to be followed or drug sensitivity Lest (DST) cannot be conducted and adjusted according to the results of DST and treatment.

Objective To investigate the effects of overexpression of decorin (DCN), one of the small leucine-rich proteoglycans, on the expression of extracellular matrix molecules in glomerular mesangial and tubular cells.Methods Recombinant adenovirus vector containing DCN gene (Ad/DCN) was constructed, and recombinant adenovirus containing LacZ gene (Ad/LacZ) was used as control vector.Rat renal glomerular mesangial cells of the line RMC and tubular cells of the line HK-2 were cultured and divided into following groups:high glucose + Ad/DCN transfection (experimental), high glucose + Ad/LacZ transfection (vector control), high glucose + neutralizing antibody against transforming growth factor (TGF) -β1(positive control) ,high glucose non-transfection (PBS control), and low glucose culture (normal control) groups.Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of decorin, TGF-β1,collagen type Ⅳ, MMP-2, and MMP-9.Results The DCN protein expression was low only in the low glucose group, and was up-regulated in other groups, especially in the Ad/DCN group, so as the expression of TGF-β1 and collagen type Ⅳ, while the ratio of TGF-β1 to decorin is increased in both RMC and HK-2 cells.The expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 decreased in the high-glucose-cuhured RMC cells and increased in the high-glucose-cultured HK-2 cells, however, adenovirus-mediated transfection of decorin gene reversed all of these changes,and had almost the same effects on reducing the protein expression of TGF-β1 collagen type Ⅳ, MMP-2, and MMP-9 as anti-TGF-β1 antibody.Conclusion The agents increasing the deeorin expression in mesangial and tubular cells may help prevent the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy.Overexpression of decorin may be a useful tool for developing new therapeutic application for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To investigate the effects of Shen-song-yang-xin capsule containing ginseng, ophiopogon root, red sage root, etc, on the ventricular arrhythmias caused by ischemic/ reperfusion.Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into 2 equal groups:Shen-song-yang-xin group undergoing occlusion for 30 minutes followed by reperfusion for 60 minutes, and control group undergoing ischemia/ reperfusion only.Electrocardiography was conducted to record the ventricular arrhythmias, and after 60 minutes of reperfusion the rats were killed with their hearts removed to measure the infarction size.Results (1) During the 30 minutes' ischemia, the average number of episode of ischemia-induced premature ventricular contraction of the Shen-song-yang-xin group was (6.7 ± 0.3) beats/30 min, significantly lower than that of the control group[(15.0 ± 1.1) beats/30 min,P =0.007];the average number of episode of ischemia-induced ventrieular taehycardia of the Shen-song-yang-xin group was (3.5 ± 0.2) episodes/30 min, significantly lower 5than that of the control group[(14.7 ± 0.6) episedes/30 min, P = 1.003];the duration of ventricular tachycardia of the Shen-song-yang-xin group was (10.13 ± 2.1) s, significantly shorter than that of the control group[(28.3±4.6) s,P =0.018];and the duration of ventricular fibrillation of the Shen-song-yang-xin group was (7.0 ± 1.1) s, significantly shorter than that of the control group[(15.0 ± 1.7) s,P =0.031].(2) 60 minutes after the reperfusion, the number of episode of premature ventricular contraction of the Shen-snng-yang-xin group was (5.3 ± 0.8) beats/60 min, significantly lower than that of the control group[(15.6 ± 1.8) beats/60 min, P = 0.002], and the duration of reperfusion-induced ventricular tachycardia was (4.6 ± 0.5) s, significantly shorter than that of the control group[(13.5 ± 0.6) s,P = 0.001].Conclusion Shen-song-yang-xin capsule significantly reduces the ischemia-induced ventricular arrhythmia, average episode number of reperfusion-induced premature ventricular contraction, and duration of reperfusion-induced ventricular taehycardia.

Objective To investigate the immune effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on immune response.Methods Fourty 1CR mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, normal control (N) group, model (M) group, LactobaciUus (LGG) group, and hydrocortisone (HC) group.The mice were induced by Campylobacter jejuni with complete Freund's adjuvant as autoimmune animal model except N group.From the fifteenth day after primary immunization, each group was given different administration through peritoneum route for 7 days.Twenty-five days after the model establishment, the mice were killed.Then the blood sample was collected the undergo ELISA to detect the level of ds-DNA antibody and interferon (IFN)-γ.The proliferation activities of the B and T cells were examined.The livers and kidneys were taken out to undergo microscopy.Results The ds-DNA antibody levels of the HC and LGG groups were not significant different from that of the M group (both P 0.05).The proliferation activities of T and B cells and IFN-γlevel of the groups LGG were all significantly lower than those of the group M[0.42 ±0.05 vs 0.60 ±0.09,0.43 ± 0.05 vs 0.60 ± 0.09, (184 ± 16) vs (195±6) pg/ml, all P < 0.01].Conclusion LGG inhibits the immune response induced by CJ to a eertain degree.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of atorvastatin on CD40L induced E-selectin expression in endothelial cells and the association thereof with signal pathway.Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were obtained from umbilical cord newly delivered and incubated with CD40L for 24 hours with or without pretreated by atorvastatin of the concentrations of 0.1, 1, or 10 μmol/L.The protein and mRNA levels of E-selectin were detected by flow cytometry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) respectively.The extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 activation was analyzed by Western blotting.Results The E-selectin mRNA expression level of the HUVECs treated by atorvastatin was lower than that of the CD40I.stimulation group by 33.33% when the atorvastatin concentration was 1 μmol/L, and was lower by 45.16% when the atorvastatin concentration was 10 μmol/L.The E-selectin protein expression level of the HUVECs treated by atorvastatin was lower than that of the CD40L stimulation group by 48.68% when the atorvastatin concentration was 1 μmol/L, and was lower by 70.25% when the atorvastatin concentration was 10 μmol/L.The phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 was enhanced by CD401.stimulation and the CD40L induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 decreased by 81% ± 6% ,73% ± 5%, and 41% ± 5% respectively after atorvastatin stimulation.Conclusion Atorvastatin decreases the CD40L induced E-selectin expression in endothelial cells while atorvastatin at 0.1 - 10 μmol/L concentration-dependently through inhibiting the activation of ERK1/2.

：Objective To detect theeffects of the recombinant adenovirus-mediated double suicide genes constructed byEscherichia coli cytosine deaminase (CD)/5-fluorocytosine (5-Fc) and herpes simplexvirus-thymidine kinase (HSV-TK)/ganiclovir (GCV)-CDglyTK on implanted human keloids andmechanisms thereof.Methods Twenty nude mice were implanted with human keloid obtainedduring operation so as to establish mouse keloid models and then were randomly dividedinto 4 equal groups :Group A, injected with normal saline (NS) into the keloid once per 3days for 18 days totally, Group B injected with NS into the keloid and injectedintraperitoneally with 5-Fc and GCV;Group C injected with CDglyTK into the keloid, andGroup D injected with CDglyTK into the keloid aud 5-Fc and GCV injectedintraperitoneally.The volume of the implanted keloid tissue was measured 2, 7, 14, 21, 28,35, and 42 days after operation.On day 42 the keloid tissues were removed to undergomorphological examination, TUNEL method was used to examine the apeptosis of thefibroblasts, and the expression of Bcl-2 and BAX, products of apoptosis-related genes,were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared to those before treatment thevolume of the implanted keloid of Group D began to decrease since 14 days after treatmenttime-dependently (all P < 0.05), and the volumes of the other 3 groups continued toincrease and peaked on days 21, 14, or 7 respectively (all P < 0.05).Microscopy showedinfiltration of a larger quantity of histiocyte in the keloid tissue, and more obviouscollagen disorganization and apoptosis of fibroblasts in Group D than in the other 3groups.The protein expression of Bcl-2 was more remarkable and the protein expression ofBAX was less remarkable in Group D than iu the other 3 groups.Condusions The recombinantadenovirus-mediated double suicide gene therapy is effective on the implanted keloidtissue.The main mechanism may be induction of apoptosis in the keloid fibroblasts.

In order to improve the quality of birth population and reduce the occurrence of birth defects, especially trisomy 21 (DS) and trisomy 18 (18), there is neither effective preventive means nor effective treatment for this disease in medicine so far. We can only detect it as early as possible through prenatal screening and diagnosis, and prevent the birth of infants by terminating pregnancy. We used time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay technique to quantitatively determine alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), free subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (free-β-HCG) and free estriol (uE3) in sera of 13 401 pregnant women from 15 to 19 weeks of pregnancy.

From March 2006 to July 2007, 31 cases of simple renal cyst were treated by laparoscopic renal cyst removal after gelatin sponge tamponade in our hospital, and the effect was good. The report is as follows.

Rational use of mechanical ventilation is very important for the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI) and emergency respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The application of small tidal maximum strategy and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) improve the survival rate of patients with ALI/ARDS. However, how to determine the optimal PEEP is still inconclusive.

The September 30, 2008 Heaithday website (http: / /www.heahhday.com/Article.asp? AID =619795) presents the results of a study published in the journal Nature Biotechnology on September 28 by the University Affiliated to Rogerster Medical Center and Princeton University in the United States. The researchers said that drugs for treating obesity may be very effective in protecting against various viral infections, such as influenza virus, hepatitis virus, and even human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Patient: 35-year-old male, married and childbearing. Main complaint: frequent urination, laborious urination for 15 years, intermittent headache with nausea for 2 years, aggravated for 7 days. Current medical history: The patient developed frequent urination 15 years ago, urinating 7-8 times during the day and 3-4 times at night, with a urine volume of 300-400 ml each time, and laborious urination, and did not see a doctor. Two years ago, he went to a local hospital in Changyi City, Shandong Province for headache and nausea. At that time, his blood pressure was measured at 180/140 mm Hg, and there were no positive signs on physical examination.

The patient was a 50-year-old female. She suffered from repeated left lower abdominal pain for 10 years, dry mouth and fatigue for 1 year. She was admitted to the endocrinology department of our hospital on March 4, 2008. Ten years ago, she was diagnosed with left ureteral calculus in another hospital, and the attack recurred after conservative treatment. She developed dry mouth and fatigue symptoms one year ago, without headache, vomiting, changes in spleen, joint pain, weight change, etc. She had no history of hypertension, spermaturia, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. Physical examination showed that blood pressure and pulse were normal, no exophthalmos, and the thyroid gland was not large. A 2 cm ×2 cm size nodule was palpable on the outer edge of the left thyroid gland, which was smooth and active, without lymph node enlargement.

About the prevention and treatment of scar tissue, foreign scholars have a famous saying, "Without scar, there will be no wound healing". This shows that scar formation is an inevitable product of human wound healing process and is a part of human body's repair function. At the beginning of cattle life, scar-free healing can be obtained, but once the fetus leaves the uterus and the mother, the living individual has a complete set of wound repair mechanism, so that any wound finally ends with scar formation and gets the final healing. This is an unchangeable natural law, just like<The Sun Wukong mentioned in Journey to the West is variable, but he can't jump out of the palm of the Tathagata Buddha.